The story of Castle de Haar often begins with its extravagant restoration, made possible by Baroness Hélène de Rothschild’s fortune. But a recent discovery invites us to see her life in a whole new light. While her marriage to Baron Étienne van Zuylen (in 1887) secured the funds to rebuild the castle, historians now believe it may also have been a marriage of convenience. It may have been arranged, at least in part, to give Hélène the freedom to form relationships that defied society’s expectations.
New evidence links Hélène de Rothschild to Maud Potter, a close friend who lived with the couple and traveled with her during the early years of her marriage. Their companionship is thought to have been significant, and may suggest a personal connection that went beyond friendship.
A Bold and Independent Life
The article reveals more of Hélène’s remarkable spirit. She maintained legal autonomy in her marriage; a bold choice in a time when married women in the Netherlands lacked full legal status until 1954. She was also a literary salon host, helped young female poets, and moved freely in intellectual circles. Her romantic life further reflects her modernity. Around 1902, she was involved with British poet Renée Vivien. Later, from around 1918, she shared a long-term relationship with feminist writer Olga de Moraes Sarmento. This relationship lasted until her death in 1947.
Reframing Her Legacy
With this new lens, Hélène emerges not just as a wealthy patron. She appears as a deeply independent woman who used her resources and intellect to shape her own destiny. The marriage, the salons, the travels; they tell a story of a woman forging her own path in a world that rarely allowed it.
Visit with Dutch Tours
Ready to explore this hidden side of Castle de Haar? Our small-group day trip from Amsterdam brings these stories to life. You’ll be guided by local experts who reveal the lives behind the stones.